The relations between the two largest global economic powers, the United States and China, are once again at the heart of trade tensions. Barely elected, Donald Trump is reinforcing his intentions to pursue a no-holds-barred protectionist policy, seeking to impose record tariffs on Chinese imports. This approach echoes his first term, where heavy tariffs created a precedent in the Sino-American trade war. But this time, in a post-pandemic context where the global economy is still fragile, the repercussions could prove to be more significant. While Beijing advocates for dialogue, the world is bracing for a new phase of commercial confrontation with potentially global effects.